{"id":14948,"date":"2024-02-10T22:29:46","date_gmt":"2024-02-10T21:29:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/east-sea.de\/?p=14948"},"modified":"2024-02-14T20:26:03","modified_gmt":"2024-02-14T19:26:03","slug":"tieng-viet-mot-so-thong-tin-lien-quan-den-chu-quyen-cua-viet-nam-tai-hoang-sa-va-truong-sa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/test.east-sea.de\/en\/2024\/02\/10\/tieng-viet-mot-so-thong-tin-lien-quan-den-chu-quyen-cua-viet-nam-tai-hoang-sa-va-truong-sa\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1ea1i Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa"},"content":{"rendered":"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1eed s\u00e1ch Trung Hoa su\u1ed1t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eddi T\u1ea7n, H\u00e1n \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn sau Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 hai kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0o x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng v\u1edbi qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa, Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa thu\u1ed9c ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c. <\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0110\u00f4ng \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 do Jodocus Hondius I v\u1ebd n\u0103m 1613 ghi nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft gi\u1eefa hai qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa (t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 Pracel), r\u1ea5t s\u00e1t v\u1edbi v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n mi\u1ec1n Trung Vi\u1ec7t Nam (t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 Costa de Pracel).<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi H\u00e0ng H\u1ea3i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c Nam H\u1ea3i hay l\u00e0 Bi\u1ec3n Hoa Nam, hay l\u00e0 South China Sea. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Philippines t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2012 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Bi\u1ec3n T\u00e2y Philippines (West Philippines Sea). Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u00e2y Sa, ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 Paracel. C\u00f2n qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Nam Sa, ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 Spratly. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng \u00edt b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y v\u1ebd tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 19, th\u01b0 t\u1ecbch c\u1ed5 Trung Hoa do ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Hoa vi\u1ebft l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa thu\u1ed9c ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u00eda Trung Qu\u1ed1c th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1eeb h\u01a1n 2000 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, khi m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 qu\u1eadn Giao Ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ghi ch\u00e9p c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi sau v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i t\u1eeb Trung Qu\u1ed1c ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m, bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n, \u0111\u00e1nh c\u00e1\u2026 qua \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ghi ch\u00e9p v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd, phong t\u1ee5c \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i qua. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00f3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1nh c\u00e1 Trung Hoa, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc khi bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n, \u0111\u00e1nh c\u00e1, ho\u1eb7c g\u1eb7p thi\u00ean tai tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o t\u00f9y theo m\u00f9a v\u1ee5. Nh\u01b0ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 v\u00e0o m\u00f9a n\u00e0o, v\u1ee5 n\u00e0o, bao nhi\u00eau l\u00e2u, ch\u01b0a th\u1ea5y t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0o ghi ch\u00e9p r\u00f5. Ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00f4i khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn ho\u1eb7c c\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m s\u1eed thi\u1ebfu kh\u00e1ch quan. Theo lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u00e0y nay kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m hay th\u1ef1c thi vi\u1ec7c bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n, l\u00e0m \u0103n tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n. C\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi quan s\u00e1t v\u1ec1 bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea3o. B\u1edfi t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 7, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e2u \u00c2u hay l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ViKing, g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m, nh\u00e0 bu\u00f4n, chi\u1ebfn binh, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea3i t\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e3 tung ho\u00e0nh tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t. Nh\u1eefng ghi ch\u00e9p c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anglo-Saxon v\u1ec1 H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n tra c\u1ee9u phong ph\u00fa v\u00e0 qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. Ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Philippines, Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n tr\u00ean Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 D\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ViKing, \u00edt c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n, l\u00e0m \u0103n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh c\u00e1. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, ph\u00eda Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0a th\u00eam nh\u00e0 th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u1ed3i t\u00ean l\u00e0 Tr\u1ecbnh H\u00f2a v\u00e0 h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 tranh ch\u1ea5p bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea3o. Nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c ra, Tr\u1ecbnh H\u00f2a ch\u1ec9 \u0111i ngang qua bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng. C\u00e1c ghi ch\u00e9p v\u1ec1 7 chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y n\u00f3i g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa c\u1ea3. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1405 \u2013 1433, Minh Th\u00e0nh T\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e3 c\u1eed \u0111\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed1c Th\u00e1i Gi\u00e1m Tr\u1ecbnh H\u00f2a ch\u1ec9 huy \u0111o\u00e0n th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ea1 T\u00e2y D\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ea3y l\u1ea7n. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n \u1ea2 R\u1eadp nh\u1eb1m thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 bang giao v\u1edbi tr\u00ean 30 qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00f9ng Duy\u00ean H\u1ea3i, tri\u1ec3n khai con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01a1 l\u1ee5a tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n t\u1ea1i \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, Ch\u00e2u Phi v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 Trung \u0110\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ebfn h\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ecbnh H\u00f2a tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 d\u1eebng \u1edf Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng. Tr\u1ea1m ch\u00e2n duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111o\u00e0n trong khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3 B\u00e0n, th\u1ee7 ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Chi\u00eam Th\u00e0nh l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd. Sau khi Minh Th\u00e0nh T\u1ed5 m\u1ea5t, tri\u1ec1u Minh \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c h\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ph\u00f4 di\u1ec5n, l\u00e0m hao ti\u1ec1n t\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c gia. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, khi \u0111\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng, c\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ecbnh H\u00f2a \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00eda Trung Qu\u1ed1c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0110\u1ecbnh \u01b0\u1edbc Berlin n\u0103m 1885, nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc quy\u1ec1n ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, b\u1ecb thay th\u1ebf b\u1edfi nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc chi\u1ebfm h\u1eefu th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c. Ng\u00e0y nay, nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc chi\u1ebfm h\u1eefu bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea3o c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd h\u01a1n. N\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1, kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n, h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 minh b\u1ea1ch. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, n\u1ebfu gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed nh\u01b0 lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1eabn c\u00f2n c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o chuy\u1ec7n l\u00e0 lu\u1eadn thuy\u1ebft ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed hay l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n th\u00ec quy\u1ec1n chi\u1ebfm h\u1eefu v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u00e1c ch\u00e2u l\u1ee5c ng\u00e0y nay h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m Viking v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m hay l\u00e0 c\u00e1c tay c\u01b0\u1edbp bi\u1ec3n ch\u00e2u \u00c2u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi hai qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i phong ki\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u1ef1c thi t\u1eeb r\u1ea5t s\u1edbm. C\u00f3 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00f3i l\u00e0 t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 15, nh\u01b0ng r\u00f5 n\u00e9t nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 17 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn n\u0103m 1932, khi Ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 k\u1ebf th\u1eeba v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n t\u1ea1i hai qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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G\u00f3i b\u00e1nh ch\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3n T\u1ebft tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i phong ki\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm h\u1eefu v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y di\u1ec5n ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh t\u1ebf x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i r\u1ea5t h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 tranh ch\u1ea5p v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, \u00edt nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 17, Ho\u00e0ng Sa \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 v\u00f4 ch\u1ee7 n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1688, Ho\u00e0ng Sa \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecba danh n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn qua bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn Bi\u00ean ni\u00ean s\u1eed H\u00e0ng H\u1ea3i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 m\u1eafc c\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a t\u00e0u Lamps. D\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi vua Louis XIV, khi \u0111i t\u1eeb Ph\u00e1p sang Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Ho\u00e0ng Sa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e3i c\u00e1t nguy hi\u1ec3m \u1edf v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam. T\u00e0u b\u00e8 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb m\u1eafc c\u1ea1n, \u0111\u00f3i kh\u00e1t v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ebfn th\u1eddi c\u00e1c ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u1eeb gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 16 cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi T\u00e2y S\u01a1n chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng n\u0103m 1777, h\u00e0ng n\u0103m c\u00e1c ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra Ho\u00e0ng Sa l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u1eb1m th\u1ef1c thi ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n, thu ho\u1ea1ch s\u1ea3n v\u1eadt tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o c\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e0u b\u1ecb \u0111\u1eafm tr\u00f4i d\u1ea1t v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong s\u00e1ch L\u1ecbch tri\u1ec1u Hi\u1ebfn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ed, quy\u1ec3n \u201cChi ng\u0169 d\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ed\u201d, trang 11A-12A, Phan Huy Ch\u00fa \u0111\u00e3 ghi ch\u00e9p: \u201cTh\u1eddi c\u00e1c ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed9i Ho\u00e0ng Sa, 70 su\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u00e3 An V\u0129nh lu\u00e2n phi\u00ean \u0111i h\u00e0ng n\u0103m v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 3, nh\u1eadn ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb sai \u0111i mang s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng, d\u00f9ng n\u0103m chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n nh\u1ecf ch\u01b0\u01a1ng bu\u1ed3m xu\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u01a1ng ba ng\u00e0y ba \u0111\u00eam l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea3o. \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y m\u1eb7c t\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eaft c\u00e1 \u0103n, nh\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt qu\u00fd, l\u1ea1i l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea3i s\u1ea3n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. Th\u00e1ng 8 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1, v\u00e0o c\u1eeda eo Thu\u1eadn An \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh Ph\u00fa Xu\u00e2n\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1753, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Ho\u00e0ng Sa x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9i B\u1eafc H\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c L\u00ea Qu\u00fd \u0110\u00f4n ghi ch\u00e9p kh\u00e1 k\u1ef9 trong Ph\u1ee7 bi\u00ean t\u1ea1p l\u1ee5c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0: \u201cHo\u00e0ng Sa g\u1ea7n H\u1ea3i Nam, Ch\u00e2u Li\u00eam, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i thuy\u1ec1n th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u1eafc Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e1nh c\u00e1 ngo\u00e0i bi\u1ec3n, h\u1ecfi th\u0103m bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi huy\u1ec7n V\u0103n X\u01b0\u01a1ng, Qu\u1ef3nh Ch\u00e2u, quan Ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u01b0u tra c\u00f4ng v\u0103n trong \u0111\u00f3 k\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m C\u00e0n Long th\u1ee9 18 (1753), 10 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed9i C\u00e1t Li\u00eam, x\u00e3 An B\u00ecnh, huy\u1ec7n Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Ngh\u0129a, Qu\u1ea3ng Ng\u00e3i ng\u00e0y nay, \u0111\u1ebfn V\u1ea1n L\u00fd Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa thu th\u1eadp c\u00e1c v\u1eadt. T\u00e1m t\u00ean l\u00ednh l\u00ean b\u1edd thu th\u1eadp, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i gi\u1eef thuy\u1ec1n, ch\u1ee3t c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n b\u00e3o n\u1ed5i l\u00ean, \u0111\u01b0a thuy\u1ec1n ra \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn c\u1ea3ng Thanh Lam \u1edf H\u1ea3i Nam, Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Vi\u00ean quan Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y b\u00e8n cho \u0111i\u1ec1u tra, sau khi bi\u1ebft s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt \u0111\u00e0nh cho \u00e1p gi\u1ea3i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1. Ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac Chu \u0111\u00e3 sai cai b\u1ea1 Thu\u1eadn H\u00f3a th\u1ee9c th\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea7u g\u1eedi th\u01b0 ph\u00fac \u0111\u00e1p\u201d. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng cho th\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng coi Ho\u00e0ng Sa l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1816, vua Gia Long ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c chi\u1ebfm h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa, ra l\u1ec7nh c\u1eafm c\u1edd tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o v\u00e0 \u0111o th\u1ee7y tr\u00ecnh. Xin nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1816, Vi\u1ec7t Nam ra l\u1ec7nh c\u1eafm c\u1edd tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa. Kh\u00e2m s\u1ee9 Ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Jules Br\u00e9vi\u00e9 \u0111\u00e3 ra l\u1ec7nh th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u01a1 quan h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u00e0 cho d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m bia c\u00f3 d\u00f2ng ch\u1eef l\u00e0 \u201cC\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Ph\u00e1p \u2013 V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c An Nam \u2013 Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa\u201d. N\u0103m 1816 \u2013 1835, vua Minh M\u1ea1ng cho x\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1eb7t bia, m\u00f3ng, \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1ecdc, r\u1ed3i tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed9i Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i B\u1eafc H\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 khai th\u00e1c, tu\u1ea7n ti\u1ec5u, thu thu\u1ebf tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 bi\u00ean ph\u00f2ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 hai qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o. Hai \u0111\u1ed9i l\u00ednh h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n n\u00e0y ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c duy tr\u00ec c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0o \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. Vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n duy tr\u00ec nh\u1eb1m gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u00e1c t\u00e0u b\u00e8 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 thu thu\u1ebf ng\u01b0 d\u00e2n trong v\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Theo nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u V\u0169 Quang Vi\u1ec7t, c\u00e1c d\u1eef ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed chi\u1ebfm h\u1eefu Ho\u00e0ng Sa cho th\u1ea5y Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u1edf Paracel \u00edt nh\u1ea5t su\u1ed1t 70 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1770 cho t\u1edbi khi vua Gia Long ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1816 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c cho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi Minh M\u1ea1ng. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng trong Ch\u00ednh s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam cho \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1837.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1eddi gian c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u1edf Paracel, t\u1ee9c qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 74 n\u0103m, t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1774, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn trong ch\u00ednh s\u1eed. \u00dd ch\u00ed v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eb1m kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vua Gia Long v\u00e0 vua Minh M\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong v\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u201cC\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn ra \u0111\u1ea3o\u201d. D\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 6 th\u00e1ng nh\u01b0ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c t\u1eeb n\u0103m n\u00e0y qua n\u0103m kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7. N\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u00faa \u0111\u1ea1i phong ki\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1ea1i hai qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa, Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ebf th\u1eeba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1884, hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc Paten\u00f4tre Hu\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam. N\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9, gi\u1eef g\u00ecn s\u1ef1 to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a x\u1ee9 An Nam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0y 9\/6\/1885, hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p \u2013 Thanh t\u1ea1i Thi\u00ean T\u00e2n ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t xung \u0111\u1ed9t Ph\u00e1p \u2013 Thanh. Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 phong ki\u1ebfn v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0y 26\/6\/1887, th\u00eam m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p \u2013 Thanh n\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00fd k\u1ebft v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi gi\u1eefa Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y, m\u1ecdi tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 hay h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p v\u1ec1 Ho\u00e0ng Sa, Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho Vi\u1ec7t Nam, c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1895, con t\u00e0u La Bona v\u00e0 n\u0103m 1896 con t\u00e0u Imeji Maru \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1eafm \u1edf g\u1ea7n Ho\u00e0ng Sa. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1nh c\u00e1 \u1edf \u0111\u1ea3o H\u1ea3i Nam \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn thu l\u01b0\u1ee3m \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u00e1t t\u1eeb hai chi\u1ebfc t\u00e0u \u0111\u1eafm n\u00e0y. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a hai con t\u00e0u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Nh\u00e0 Thanh. Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Nh\u00e0 Thanh tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m, l\u1ea5y l\u00fd do l\u00e0 Ho\u00e0ng Sa kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1899, to\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n Pondich\u00e9ry \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ng\u1ecdn h\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng t\u1ea1i Ho\u00e0ng Sa nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh v\u00ec l\u00fd do t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1909, T\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed1c L\u01b0\u1ee1ng Qu\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 ra l\u1ec7nh cho \u0110\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed1c L\u00fd Chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ed9 l\u00ean qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa, cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ed9 n\u00e0y k\u00e9o d\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 24 gi\u1edd. H\u1ecd l\u00ean Ho\u00e0ng Sa, k\u00e9o c\u1edd v\u00e0 b\u1eafn s\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y 24 gi\u1edd th\u00ec l\u1ea1i r\u00fat \u0111i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ra ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng g\u00ec c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho An Nam, v\u00ec Ph\u00e1p cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nghi th\u1ee9c h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n nh\u00e2n chuy\u1ebfn th\u0103m s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng l\u00e0m l\u1ed9 ra m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn trong c\u00e1c l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c. N\u1ebfu qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Trung Qu\u1ed1c chi\u1ebfm c\u1ee9 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 t\u1eeb l\u00e2u th\u00ec t\u1ea1i sao L\u00fd Chu\u1ea9n l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 h\u00e0nh x\u1eed nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o v\u1eady?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1920, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n l\u00e0 Mitsui Busan Kaisha xin ph\u00e9p Ph\u00e1p khai th\u00e1c qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa, \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb Ph\u00e1p t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i. C\u0169ng k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, Ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t thu\u1ebf quan v\u00e0 tu\u1ea7n ti\u1ec5u tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 3\/1921, T\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed1c L\u01b0\u1ee1ng Qu\u1ea3ng l\u1ea1i tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 s\u00e1p nh\u1eadp Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea3o H\u1ea3i Nam. Ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i, nh\u01b0ng ngay sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch \u00d4ng To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1eefng h\u1edd n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 3\/1925, To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Martial Henri Merlin long tr\u1ecdng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 l\u00e0 qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa l\u00e0 l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba nh\u1eadn tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u1edf Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa, \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tu\u1ea7n tra, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc. C\u0169ng k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1925, Vi\u1ec7n H\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ecdc Nha Trang \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa do Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Gruvel t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1927, T\u00e0u de Maleisie \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ec5n th\u0103m qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa. \u0110\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1930, ba t\u00e0u c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 La Malicieuse, L\u2019Alerte, L\u2019Astrobale \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho vi\u1ec7c chi\u1ebfm h\u1eefu qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0y 13\/4\/1930, To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 Pasquier \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00e0u La Malicieuse ra qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, \u0110\u1ea1i \u00fay h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n De Lattrie \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00e2n danh n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p b\u1eafn 21 lo\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e1c, tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o \u1edf Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n ph\u1ee5 c\u1eadn, v\u00e0 k\u00e9o c\u1edd tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o B\u00e3o T\u1ed1 (t\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea3o Spratly, nay c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa l\u1edbn). V\u0103n b\u1ea3n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o ghi r\u00f5: \u201cTr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa n\u1eb1m \u1edf 8 \u0111\u1ed9 39 ph\u00fat V\u0129 B\u1eafc v\u00e0 111 \u0111\u1ed9 55 ph\u00fat Kinh \u0110\u00f4ng\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0y 23\/9\/1930, Ph\u00e1p g\u1eedi th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o ngo\u1ea1i giao t\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p tr\u00ean qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa. Trong th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o ghi r\u00f5: \u201cPh\u1ee7 To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng ra th\u00f4ng c\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cho c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ee9 ba bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm h\u1eefu to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Spratly\u201d. Th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean c\u00f4ng b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ee7 To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1931, Trung Hoa ra l\u1ec7nh khai th\u00e1c ph\u00e2n chim t\u1ea1i qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u00e0 b\u00e1n quy\u1ec1n khai th\u00e1c cho c\u00f4ng ty Anglo-Chinese Development. Tuy nhi\u00ean, Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1932, Ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 An Nam c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi tr\u00ean qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa, s\u00e1p nh\u1eadp qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u1edbi t\u1ec9nh Th\u1eeba Thi\u00ean Hu\u1ebf. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, Ph\u00e1p c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m th\u1eeba k\u1ebf ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c th\u1ef1c thi ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n t\u1ea1i hai qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a trong vi\u1ec7c chi\u1ebfm h\u1eefu v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1933, qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e1p nh\u1eadp v\u1edbi t\u1ec9nh B\u00e0 R\u1ecba. Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 ra th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 chi\u1ebfm h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa tr\u00ean nh\u1eadt b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p. Ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y ra t\u00f2a \u00e1n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i. Vi\u1ec7c thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n Ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng quan t\u00e2m m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1ea1i hai qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, b\u1edfi l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi ng\u00e0y nay, vi\u1ec7c chi\u1ebfm h\u1eefu c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o \u1edf xa ch\u1ec9 mang \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m, ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, nguy hi\u1ec3m, r\u1ea5t \u00edt l\u1ee3i \u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u00ednh ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb l\u00e2u trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng tri\u1ec1u An Nam \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea3o m\u1edbi l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c Ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i thi\u1ebft tha h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 h\u01a1n v\u1edbi Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa. C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong vi\u1ec7c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y n\u00e0y thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 t\u1edd tu\u1ea7n b\u00e1o Th\u1ee9c t\u1ec9nh Kinh t\u1ebf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. T\u1edd tu\u1ea7n b\u00e1o L\u2019\u00c9veil Economique de l\u2019indochine, ra s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y ng\u00e0y 16\/6\/1917 v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1934. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 b\u00fat, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft trong tu\u1ea7n b\u00e1o n\u00e0y l\u00e0 Henri Cucherousset, \u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1eddi t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1934 v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t y\u00eau m\u1ebfn Ho\u00e0ng Sa, chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u kh\u00f4ng m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi cho ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong 835 s\u1ed1 tu\u1ea7n b\u00e1o, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 An Nam \u0111\u00e3 tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tranh ch\u1ea5p Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n qu\u00e2n phi\u1ec7t Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00f4ng l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ly khai kh\u1ecfi Trung Qu\u1ed1c, cho n\u00ean, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn. \u00d4ng Henri Cucherousset \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ra Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 H\u1ea1 vi\u1ec7n Ph\u00e1p, v\u00ec l\u00fd do l\u00e0 To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 Ho\u00e0ng Sa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1ec1 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c Ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 tr\u00e1ch c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 quan ch\u1ee9c \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00f4 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u00e0 nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0y 14\/3\/1933, Ph\u00e1p cho \u0111\u1ed9i t\u00e0u g\u1ed3m La Malicieuse, L\u2019Alerte, L\u2019Astrobale v\u00e0 De Lanessan t\u1eeb S\u00e0i G\u00f2n \u0111\u1ebfn Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa, gh\u00e9 qua h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m \u0111\u1ea3o, c\u1ee5m n\u00e0y g\u1ed3m Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa \u0110\u00f4ng, \u0110\u00e1 \u0110\u00f4ng, \u0110\u00e1 T\u00e2y v\u00e0 \u0110\u00e1 Ch\u00e2u Vi\u00ean, b\u00e3i san h\u00f4 g\u1ed3m; \u0111\u1ea3o Ba B\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ea3o B\u00e0n Than, \u0111\u1ea3o S\u01a1n Ca, \u0111\u1ea3o N\u00fai Th\u1ecb, \u00c9n \u0110\u1ea5t, Nam Y\u1ebft, \u0110\u00e1 L\u1ea1c, Ga Ven, b\u00e3i san h\u00f4 Lo\u1ea1i Ta, c\u1ee5m r\u1ea1n Th\u1ecb T\u1ee9 v\u00e0 r\u1ea1n Th\u00e1m Hi\u1ec3m ph\u00eda B\u1eafc. T\u1ea1i t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111i qua, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nghi l\u1ec5 chi\u1ebfm h\u1eefu t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh thu\u1ed9c n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0y 19\/7\/1933, B\u1ed9 Ngo\u1ea1i giao Ph\u00e1p ra th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p, k\u00e8m theo danh s\u00e1ch li\u1ec7t k\u00ea t\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm h\u1eefu, g\u1ed3m s\u00e1u th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3. Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa L\u1edbn, tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n ng\u00e0y 13\/11930. \u0110\u1ea3o An Bang, tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n ng\u00e0y 7\/4\/1933. \u0110\u1ea3o Ba B\u00ecnh, tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n ng\u00e0y 10\/4\/1933. Nh\u00f3m Song T\u1eed g\u1ed3m Song T\u1eed \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 Song T\u1eed T\u00e2y, tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u0169ng ng\u00e0y 10\/4\/1933. \u0110\u1ea3o Lo\u1ea1i Ta, tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n ng\u00e0y 11\/4. \u0110\u1ea3o Th\u1ecb T\u1ee9, tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n ng\u00e0y 12\/4. Ph\u00e1p tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00f3i tr\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sau \u0111\u00f3, Ph\u00e1p l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cho c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i \u00edch t\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p. Tr\u1eeb Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 Trung Qu\u1ed1c, H\u00e0 Lan M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0y 21\/12\/1933, Th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1c Nam K\u1ef3 l\u00e0 Jean-Felix Krautheimer k\u00fd Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 4702, s\u00e1t nh\u1eadp m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea3o tr\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1ec9nh B\u00e0 R\u1ecba. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u0103m 1937, b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p, Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o \u1edf ngo\u00e0i kh\u01a1i \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean th\u00e0nh Shiman Gunto, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 T\u00e2n Nam Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t Ho\u00e0ng Sa, Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n T\u00e0i ph\u00e1n c\u1ee7a Cao H\u00f9ng, \u0110\u00e0i Loan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi gian Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 hai, c\u1ea3 hai qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb Nh\u1eadt tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 l\u00e0 \u0111ang b\u1ecb Nh\u1eadt chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, Nh\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng cho qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed3n tr\u00fa hay l\u00e0 tu\u1ea7n tra tr\u00ean hai qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1938, Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 cho x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng bia \u0111\u00e1, x\u00e2y h\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng, \u0111\u00e0i kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i bi\u00ean ph\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t ra \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea3o Pattle, (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0y 4\/4\/1939, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p g\u1eedi \u0111i c\u00f4ng h\u00e0m ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o l\u01b0u ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1i hai qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0y 6\/5\/1939, To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng Jules Br\u00e9vi\u00e9 k\u00fd Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 3282, t\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh Ho\u00e0ng Sa th\u00e0nh hai \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb l\u00e0 Croissant v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c, Am Phichit v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 hai s\u1eafp k\u1ebft th\u00fac, ba c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 Anh, M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, T\u01b0\u1edfng Gi\u1edbi Th\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00f3m h\u1ecdp t\u1ea1i Cairo, Ai C\u1eadp v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 27\/11\/1943, \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1eadu chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 ra Tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 Cairo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1ec1 bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea3o \u1edf Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft r\u00f5: Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i ra kh\u1ecfi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o \u1edf Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 c\u01b0\u1edbp ho\u1eb7c chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed9c Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t n\u0103m 1914 v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 m\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c nh\u01b0 M\u00e3n Ch\u00e2u l\u00fd \u0110\u00e0i Loan v\u00e0 b\u00e0nh h\u1ed3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i cho C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Trung Hoa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn hai qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a r\u1eb1ng, Tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 Cairo kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 m\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 M\u00e3n Ch\u00e2u L\u00fd, \u0110\u00e0i Loan v\u00e0 B\u00e0nh H\u1ed3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0y 26\/7\/1945, t\u1ea1i Potsdam c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c b\u1ea1i tr\u1eadn, c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7 qu\u1ed1c gia c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eafng tr\u1eadn, bao g\u1ed3m Harry Truman c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, Winston Churchill c\u1ee7a Anh v\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1edfng Gi\u1edbi Th\u1ea1ch kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 Cairo s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 Potsdam v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n cho s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu th\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Nh\u1eadt. S\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c th\u00ec Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng h\u1eadu chi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 M\u00e3n Ch\u00e2u, \u0110\u00e0i Loan v\u00e0 B\u00e0nh H\u1ed3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa trong \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0y 15\/8\/1945, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n thua tr\u1eadn, ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat kh\u1ecfi \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, ng\u00e0y 26\/8\/1945, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u1eadt ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat kh\u1ecfi Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00e1ng 6\/1946, Ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i Ho\u00e0ng Sa, t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea3o An V\u0129nh, nh\u01b0ng ngay sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat \u0111i v\u00ec l\u00fd do chi vi\u1ec7n cho cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111ang c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa mu\u1ed1n l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng su\u1ed1t chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed cho \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1945, ngo\u00e0i n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c th\u1ecb uy c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1909, cho qu\u00e2n l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o b\u1eafn m\u1ea5y ph\u00e1t s\u00fang r\u1ed3i r\u00fat, Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 chi\u1ebfm c\u1ee9 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1, li\u00ean t\u1ee5c hay s\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf n\u00e0o tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o \u1edf bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1946, T\u01b0\u1edfng Gi\u1edbi Th\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00e2n chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea3o Ba B\u00ecnh \u1edf Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa. Th\u00e1ng 1\/1947, xua qu\u00e2n l\u00ean chi\u1ebfm Ph\u00fa L\u00e2m c\u1ee7a Ho\u00e0ng Sa. Ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c, Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, v\u00e0 c\u1eed m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i ra qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa, l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed3n binh v\u00e0 x\u00e2y tr\u1ea1m kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u00e1c tr\u1ea1m kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y v\u1ec1 sau \u0111\u00e3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong su\u1ed1t 26 n\u0103m, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ea7n m\u1eabn, cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi Trung Hoa \u0110\u1ea1i L\u1ee5c c\u01b0\u1ee1ng chi\u1ebfm b\u1eb1ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1974.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0y nay, th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, th\u1ee7y v\u0103n ph\u00e1t \u0111i t\u1eeb Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi danh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1m kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u0169ng n\u0103m 1947, Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tranh ch\u1ea5p ra tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00e1ng 10\/1949, C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Trung Hoa ra \u0111\u1eddi, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Trung Hoa D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c ch\u1ea1y ra \u0110\u00e0i Loan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00e1ng 5\/1950, qu\u00e2n \u0110\u00e0i Loan ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat ra kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o Ph\u00fa L\u00e2m \u1edf Ho\u00e0ng Sa, \u0111\u1ea3o Ba B\u00ecnh \u1edf Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa. C\u00e1c tr\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3n ch\u00fa c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec \u1edf Ho\u00e0ng Sa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1950, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c chuy\u1ec3n giao cho ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y. M\u1ed9t n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3, v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 v\u1edbi Ho\u00e0ng Sa, Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n quan tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb San Francisco \u1edf California, n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9, gi\u1eefa l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng minh v\u1edbi Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb San Francisco di\u1ec5n ra, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0110\u1ea1i L\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n y\u00eau s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o qua tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Tr\u01b0\u1edfng ngo\u1ea1i giao Chu \u00c2n Lai nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n T\u01b0\u1edfng Gi\u1edbi Th\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng g\u00ec. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, \u0111a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eabn c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Trung Hoa D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a T\u01b0\u1edfng Gi\u1edbi Th\u1ea1ch m\u1edbi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c cho Trung Qu\u1ed1c. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb San Francisco di\u1ec5n ra t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 4\/9 \u2013 8\/9\/1951, c\u00f3 ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1ee7a 51 qu\u1ed1c gia tham d\u1ef1, \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t chi\u1ebfn tranh t\u1ea1i ch\u00e2u \u00c1- Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 m\u1edf ra quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n th\u1eddi h\u1eadu chi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb n\u00e0y, Trung Hoa \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ee5c v\u00e0 Trung Hoa D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tham d\u1ef1, do M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Li\u00ean X\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ai m\u1edbi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c cho quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0y 6\/9\/1951, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edfng Li\u00ean X\u00f4 l\u00e0 Gromyko \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb 13 kho\u1ea3n tu ch\u00ednh, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3n tu ch\u00ednh li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb b\u00e1c b\u1ecf v\u1edbi 46 phi\u1ebfu tr\u1ed1ng, m\u1ed9t phi\u1ebfu tr\u1eafng v\u00e0 hai phi\u1ebfu thu\u1eadn. Danh ngh\u0129a ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o \u1edf ngo\u00e0i kh\u01a1i Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf b\u00e1c b\u1ecf r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 7\/9\/1951, c\u0169ng t\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb, Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng, ki\u00eam Ngo\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edfng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i l\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n H\u1eefu \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1, hai qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa l\u00e0 l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh th\u1eadt l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eadp t\u1eaft c\u00e1c m\u1ea7m m\u1ed1ng chi\u1ebfn tranh sau n\u00e0y. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i tr\u00ean qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u1ebft th\u00fac h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c k\u00fd k\u1ebft h\u00f2a \u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi Nh\u1eadt. Trong h\u00f2a \u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y, \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u hai, \u0111o\u1ea1n F c\u00f3 ghi r\u00f5: Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i kh\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb m\u1ecdi ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sau h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb t\u1ea1i San Francisco, hai qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa v\u1eabn do ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1954, hai qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00e1ng 5\/1956, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i vi\u1ec5n chinh Ph\u00e1p r\u00fat kh\u1ecfi \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u0110\u1ed9i tu\u1ea7n tra c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9i tu\u1ea7n tra c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. Nh\u01b0ng khi \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0110\u1ea1i L\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e3 b\u00ed m\u1eadt cho qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 binh chi\u1ebfm ph\u1ea7n ph\u00eda \u0110\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa, l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o thu\u1ed9c c\u1ee5m \u0111\u1ea3o An V\u0129nh (ph\u00eda Trung Qu\u1ed1c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Tuy\u00ean \u0110\u1ee9c qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o). Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, \u1edf ph\u00eda T\u00e2y, nh\u00f3m l\u01b0\u1ee1i li\u1ec1m (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec7t Thi\u1ec1m) th\u00ec v\u1eabn do qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a \u0111\u00f3ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o Pattle n\u1eafm gi\u1eef.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0y 22\/8\/1956, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a \u0111\u00e3 c\u1eafm c\u1edd tr\u00ean qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa v\u00e0 d\u1ef1ng bia. \u0110\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 13\/7\/1961, T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a l\u00e0 Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m k\u00fd s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 174 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa thu\u1ed9c t\u1ec9nh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp t\u1ea1i qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 l\u1ea5y t\u00ean l\u00e0 x\u00e3 \u0110\u1ecbnh H\u1ea3i thu\u1ed9c qu\u1eadn H\u00f2a Vang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0y 4\/9\/1958, Trung Qu\u1ed1c ra tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 h\u1ea3i ph\u1eadn 12 h\u1ea3i l\u00fd, \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u1ea3 qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa. \u0110\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 14\/9\/1958, Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a l\u00e0 \u00f4ng Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n \u0110\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi c\u00f4ng th\u01b0 cho Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7n Trung Qu\u1ed1c Chu \u00c2n Lai, th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o t\u00e1n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 h\u1ea3i ph\u1eadn 12 h\u1ea3i l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c. C\u00f4ng th\u01b0 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 n\u00f3i g\u00ec v\u1ec1 Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00e1ng 1\/1974, Trung Qu\u1ed1c ti\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n chi\u1ebfm c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o \u1edf Ho\u00e0ng Sa l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u0111ang do qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a \u0111\u00f3ng gi\u1eef, 75 s\u0129 quan v\u00e0 binh s\u0129 S\u00e0i G\u00f2n hy sinh. Trung Qu\u1ed1c chi\u1ebfm to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1974, trong v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n \u1edf Ho\u00e0ng Sa, Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n do \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u1eb1ng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 tinh th\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00e1ng 12\/1982, huy\u1ec7n Ho\u00e0ng Sa tr\u1ef1c thu\u1ed9c t\u1ec9nh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam \u2013 \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n, theo lu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20, vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng v\u0169 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 chinh ph\u1ee5c m\u1ed9t l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb l\u00ean \u00e1n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn. Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c ng\u00e0y 24\/10\/1970 ghi r\u00f5: l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng chi\u1ebfm \u0111o\u1ea1t b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111e d\u1ecda s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 l\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 l\u1ef1c. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 n\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 \u0111e d\u1ecda s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 l\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u00f9ng v\u0169 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i danh ngh\u0129a ph\u00e1p l\u00fd cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa, ng\u00e0y 14\/2\/1975, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa v\u00e0 qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa. Th\u00e1ng 5\/1975, Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t hai mi\u1ec1n. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam thay th\u1ebf qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a t\u1ea1i qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1977, Vi\u1ec7t Nam ra tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 l\u00e3nh h\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 l\u00e3nh h\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o. Kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c gia \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea3o \u1edf qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00e1ng 3\/1988, l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00e2n l\u00ean qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00e2n t\u1edbi x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e3i \u0111\u00e1 Colin, b\u00e3i \u0111\u00e1 Len \u0110ao v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3o G\u1ea1c Ma. Do ba b\u00e3i \u0111\u00e1 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3n tr\u00fa n\u00ean h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00e2n ra b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0y 11\/3\/1988, t\u00e0u HQ 604 l\u1eef \u0111o\u00e0n 125 c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng V\u0169 Phi Tr\u1eeb xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb v\u1ecbnh Cam Ranh v\u1edbi 70 chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 c\u1ee7a Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 82 v\u00e0 22 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a l\u1eef \u0111o\u00e0n 146 ra x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ee5m \u0111\u1ea3o G\u1ea1c Ma. Khi \u0111ang v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o th\u00ec ba t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u00e1p s\u00e1t, gi\u1eadt c\u1edd, n\u00e3 s\u00fang x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ea3o G\u1ea1c Ma. Sau \u0111\u00f3, t\u00e0u Trung Qu\u1ed1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng t\u00e0u HQ 605 \u0111ang b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea3o Len \u0110ao v\u00e0 t\u00e0u HQ 505 canh gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ea3o Colin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m hai t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam b\u1ecb ch\u00ecm, m\u1ed9t t\u00e0u h\u1ecfng, 64 s\u0129 quan v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 hy sinh, ch\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb ph\u00eda Trung Qu\u1ed1c b\u1eaft gi\u1eef l\u00e0m t\u00f9 binh. Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f2n ch\u1eb7n kh\u00f4ng cho t\u00e0u mang c\u1edd ch\u1eef th\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecf ra c\u1ee9u h\u1ed9. Ph\u00eda Trung Qu\u1ed1c b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn, th\u01b0\u01a1ng vong 24 th\u1ee7y binh. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea3o G\u1ea1c Ma.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00e1ng 4\/1988, Trung Qu\u1ed1c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9 33 bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ea3o H\u1ea3i Nam v\u00e0 hai qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa v\u00e0 Ho\u00e0ng Sa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00e1ng 5\/1989, Trung Qu\u1ed1c chi\u1ebfm th\u00eam m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u1ecf tr\u00ean qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa. N\u0103m 1990, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb khai th\u00e1c chung qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa. N\u0103m 1992, Trung Qu\u1ed1c chi\u1ebfm th\u00eam m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea3o n\u1eefa. N\u0103m 1994, \u0111\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1eefa Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e0u c\u00e1 Trung Qu\u1ed1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho c\u00f4ng ty Crestone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00e1ng 2\/1995, Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u1ea1i huy \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00e1 V\u00e0nh Kh\u0103n, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e1 nh\u1ecf l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u0111ang do Philippines chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng. Hi\u1ec7n nay, h\u1ecd \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 bao v\u00e2y v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng b\u00e3i c\u1ea1n C\u1ecf M\u00e2y. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u00e3i c\u1ea1n n\u1eb1m v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u0110\u00f4ng, g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1 V\u00e0nh Kh\u0103n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 b\u00e3i \u0111\u00e1, b\u00e3i c\u1ea1n m\u00e0 ph\u00eda Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm \u1edf qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay l\u00e0 b\u1ea3y v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u00e1 Ch\u00e2u Vi\u00ean, \u0111\u00e1 Ch\u1eef Th\u1eadp, c\u1ee5m \u0111\u00e1 Gaven, \u0111\u00e1 G\u1ea1c Ma, \u0111\u00e1 Subi, \u0111\u00e1 T\u01b0 Ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1 V\u00e0nh Kh\u0103n. Philippines c\u0169ng l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n \u1edf Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Philippines b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tranh ch\u1ea5p ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ng\u00e0y 17\/5\/1951, t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Philippines tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o \u1edf qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa ph\u1ea3i thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 g\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Philippines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp b\u00e1o ng\u00e0y 15\/9\/1956, B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Ngo\u1ea1i giao Philippines kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng, nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea3o Ba B\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa, ph\u1ea3i thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n Philippines v\u00ec ch\u00fang n\u1eb1m g\u1ea7n Philippines nh\u1ea5t. Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1ch Philippines c\u00f3 300 km. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1971 \u2013 1973, Philippines \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00e2n ra chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea3o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1977 \u2013 1978, Philippines chi\u1ebfm th\u00eam hai \u0111\u1ea3o. N\u0103m 1979, T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Philippines Marcos ra s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh g\u1ed9p to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa, tr\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa l\u1edbn, v\u00e0o trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Kalayaan, thu\u1ed9c l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 Philippines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1980, Philippines chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng th\u00eam m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea3o n\u1eefa n\u1eb1m v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda Nam c\u1ee7a Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3o C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ecf. Hi\u1ec7n nay Philippines \u0111ang chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng 9 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed trong qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa, bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ea3o, \u0111\u00e1 san h\u00f4 v\u00e0 hai b\u00e3i c\u1ea1n, r\u1ea1n san h\u00f4. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m; \u0111\u1ea3o B\u1ebfn L\u1ea1c, \u0111\u1ea3o B\u00ecnh Nguy\u00ean, \u0111\u1ea3o Lo\u1ea1i Ta, \u0111\u1ea3o Song T\u1eed \u0110\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ea3o Th\u1ecb T\u1ee9, \u0111\u1ea3o V\u0129nh Vi\u1ec5n, \u0111\u1ea3o Lo\u1ea1i Ta T\u00e2y, \u0111\u00e1 C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ecf, b\u00e3i C\u1ecf M\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba t\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa, Malaysia c\u0169ng \u0111ang n\u1eafm gi\u1eef m\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea3o, m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c S\u1ee9 qu\u00e1n Malaysia \u1edf S\u00e0i G\u00f2n ng\u00e0y 3\/2\/1971 \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi c\u00f4ng h\u00e0m cho B\u1ed9 Ngo\u1ea1i giao Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi thu\u1ed9c n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a Morac Songhrati v\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a hay Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a c\u00f3 y\u00eau s\u00e1ch g\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o \u0111\u00f3 hay kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0y 20\/2\/1971, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi r\u1eb1ng, qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa thu\u1ed9c l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, m\u1ecdi x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n \u1edf qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 vi ph\u1ea1m lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. \u0110\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 12\/1979, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Malaysia xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed9p v\u00e0o l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 Malaysia khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00eda Nam Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa, bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ea3o An Bang v\u00e0 Thuy\u1ec1n Ch\u00e0i, \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng do qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a \u0111\u00f3ng gi\u1eef. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1983 \u2013 1984, Malaysia cho qu\u00e2n chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng ba b\u00e3i ng\u1ea7m \u1edf ph\u00eda Nam Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa l\u00e0 Hoa Lau, Ki\u1ec7u Ng\u1ef1a, K\u1ef3 V\u00e2n. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1988, h\u1ecd chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng th\u00eam hai b\u00e3i ng\u1ea7m n\u1eefa l\u00e0 \u00c9n \u0110\u1ea5t v\u00e0 Th\u00e1m Hi\u1ec3m. \u0110\u1ebfn nay, s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Malaysia l\u00e0 n\u0103m \u0111i\u1ec3m, \u0111\u1ec1u n\u1eb1m \u1edf ph\u00eda Nam qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 c\u00e1c r\u1ea1n san h\u00f4. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1 \u00c9n Ca, \u0111\u00e1 Hoa Lau, \u0111\u00e1 K\u1ef3 V\u00e2n, \u0111\u00e1 Ki\u1ec7u Ng\u1ef1a, b\u00e3i Th\u00e1m Hi\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0i Loan. \u0110\u00e0i Loan hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea3o Ba B\u00ecnh, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u00eam m\u1ed9t b\u00e3i c\u1ea1n, \u0111\u00e1 san h\u00f4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Brunei tuy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00ean tranh ch\u1ea5p li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn khu v\u1ef1c qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa, nh\u01b0ng tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf Brunei ch\u01b0a chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o. Y\u00eau s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 ranh gi\u1edbi v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 th\u1ec1m l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ed3ng l\u1ea5n l\u00ean khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00eda Nam Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c b\u1ea1n h\u00e3y c\u00f9ng nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa to\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng \u1edf Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa. Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang chi\u1ebfm gi\u1eef 21 \u0111\u1ea3o, \u0111\u00e1. Trung Qu\u1ed1c 7. Philippines 9. Malaysia 5. \u0110\u00e0i Loan 1. Brunei kh\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0o. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00f3 t\u1edbi s\u00e1u qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n v\u1edbi qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u1edf qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa, nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh v\u1eeba d\u1eabn \u1edf tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y \u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n Trung Qu\u1ed1c trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 qua \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra theo m\u1ed9t logic \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1ea1i cho h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ph\u00e1p qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng \u1edf \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0y 26\/2\/2011 v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 30\/11\/2012, t\u00e0u Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn khu v\u1ef1c th\u1ec1m l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, c\u1eaft c\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5n, c\u00e1p thu t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a t\u00e0u B\u00ecnh Minh 02 thu\u1ed9c t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n Petro Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 5\/2014, Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0a gi\u00e0n khoan kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng 981. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c m\u00e1y bay chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m t\u00e0u qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0o th\u1ec1m l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0y 26\/5\/2014, t\u00e0u Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ed1 11209 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e2m ch\u00ecm t\u00e0u c\u00e1 DNA 90152 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0 d\u00e2n \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng trong ng\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, c\u00e1ch v\u1ecb tr\u00ed gi\u00e0n khoan n\u00e0y 17 h\u1ea3i l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00e1ng 6\/2014, Trung Qu\u1ed1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0a nhi\u1ec1u d\u00e0n khoan kh\u00e1c xu\u1ed1ng bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 gi\u00e0n khoan Nam H\u1ea3i 09, \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1ea1 ngay t\u1ea1i c\u1eeda v\u1ecbnh B\u1eafc B\u1ed9, n\u01a1i \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1edd ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1eefa Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2m l\u0103ng v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u v\u1eeba c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n, v\u1eeba ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3 trong ti\u1ec1n l\u1ec7. C\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, c\u00f3 v\u0169 kh\u00ed, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01a1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi m\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed3 c\u01b0\u1ee1ng chi\u1ebfm, \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ed5 v\u00e0 th\u00f4n t\u00ednh l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. Nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n l\u1ec7 v\u00ec s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 di \u0111\u1ed9ng, ch\u01b0a n\u1ed5 s\u00fang v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed5 s\u00fang, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng bi\u1ebfn l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c th\u00e0nh v\u00f9ng tranh ch\u1ea5p r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi c\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111o\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1ea5c M\u01a1 Trung Hoa tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea7n tr\u00fat b\u1ecf l\u1edbp l\u00e1 nho che \u0111\u1eady nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m ph\u1ea7n tr\u01a1 tr\u1ebdn c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang l\u00e0m kh\u00e1c xa v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c n\u00f3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

BDN<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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S\u1eed s\u00e1ch Trung Hoa su\u1ed1t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eddi T\u1ea7n, H\u00e1n \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn sau Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 hai kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0o x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng v\u1edbi qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa, Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa thu\u1ed9c ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c.  B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 \u0110\u00f4ng \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 do Jodocus Hondius I v\u1ebd n\u0103m 1613 ghi nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 li\u00ean […]<\/p>\n

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